The town is located in the Campidano di Cagliari plain, crossed by the Flumini Mannu River. The territory of Decimoputzu was already inhabited in pre-Nuragic and Nuragic times. The most important testimonies of that period are the nuraghi of Monte Idda and Casteddu de Fanaris and the domus de janas in the locality of Sant’Iroxi, known as the Tomb of the Warriors, where 19 sword blades and daggers made of arsenical copper have been found, dating back to the earliest Nuragic phase (Bonnanaro Culture, c. 1600 B.C. c.); also from the Nuragic period refers the ivory head of a Mycenaean soldier statuette (which would confirm exchanges with Aegean civilizations) from the locality of Mitza Purdia |LS|3|RS|, as well as the repository on Mount Idda in the vicinity of the nuraghe, where various bronze objects were discovered, including several swords.
Later the area was frequented by Phoenician-Punic, Roman, Vandal and Byzantine. The first records of the existence of the village date back to 1089 as evidence of the donation by the judge of Cagliari Orzocco Torchitorio I of the church of S. Georgii de Decimo to the Order of St. Victor of Marseille|LS|4|RS|. The toponym Decimoputzu is first mentioned in 1414 in the forms of “Decimopozzo” or “Decimo Pupussi” when the territory was part of the curatoria of Gippi, which was part of the giudicato of Cagliari first and of the Kingdom of Sardinia later, during Aragonese-Spanish rule, where it was incorporated as a fief in the Incontrada di Parte Gippi. It was then part of the marquisate of Villasor, a fief of the Alagons. It was redeemed to the Da Silva – Alagon in 1839 with the suppression of the feudal system. The historic center is characterized by the presence of numerous Campidanese houses built with the unbaked brick technique. Decimoputzu is one of the most important agricultural centers in Sardinia; artichokes, melons, tomatoes, and most importantly, there are several nurseries here that supply vegetable seedlings to the island’s farmers.